The composer of a literary work. This can include presentations, articles, books, white papers or any similar published work.

An individual who is an expert on a collection of resources and may also be knowledgeable of the phenomenon and related physics represented by the resources. This includes librarians, curators, archive scientists and other experts.

An individual who is a scientific peer and major participant in an investigation.

An individual who is peer of a principal investigator and is an administrative and scientific lead for an investigation.

An entity responsible for making contributions to the content of the resource.

An individual who generated the resource and is familiar with its provenance.

An individual who is an administrative or scientific leader for an investigation operating under the supervision of a Principal Investigator.

The developer of a system to imitate a situation or process.

An individual who had served as the administrative and scientific lead for an investigation, but no longer assumes that role.

An individual who can provide information on a range of subjects or who can direct you to a domain expert.

An individual who can provide specific information with regard the hosting of a resource or supporting software.

An individual who is the designated leader of an instrument or intrument package.

A scientist associated with a science instrument team with special familiarity and expertise on specific aspects of the design and operations of the instrument and the responsibility of ensuring the instruments measurement capability.

An individual who can affect a change in the metadata describing a resource.

A Mission Manager is a rolename used by the ESA. The Mission Manager corresponds to the Project Manager role used by NASA but the Mission Manager role only begins after the launch of the mission.

An individual who is the administrative and scientific lead for a mission.

An individual who is the administrative and scientific lead for an investigation.

An individual whose major task entails direction of program team members such that the full organization achieves the objectives and goals of a program. The Program Manager is expected to provide clear guidance and resolve conflicts and issues while maintaining focus on achieving program success.

A program scientist is someone who performs a range of scientific program planning duties, takes responsibility for the science content of flight mission programs or projects. A program scientist develops, reviews, and provides recommendations for proposed program requirements, expected results, budgetary estimates and also establishes methods and procedures to reduce program costs, provides expert advice to management on strategic planning and program development, develops and manages research program, and presents issues and proposes solutions to senior management.

An engineer tasked with the full suite of responsibilities as a project transitions through requirements derivation and preliminary design into controlled hardware development, assembly and environmental testing. The Project Engineer manages a team while developing the cadence of hardware manufacturing and assembly until instrument deployment and through the end of the mission.

An individual whose major task entails direction of project team members such that the full organization achieves the objectives and goals of the mission. The Project Manager is expected to provide clear guidance and resolve conflicts and issues while maintaining focus on achieving mission success.

An individual who is an expert in the phenomenon and related physics explored by the project. A project scientist may also have a managerial role within the project.

An individual, organization, institution or government department responsible for the production and dissemination of a document.

An individual who is an expert in the phenomenon and related physics represented by the resource.

An individual who is the designated leader of an investigation.

An individual who is a major participant in an investigation.

An individual who can provide specific information with regard to the resource or supporting software.

An individual who utilizes a resource or service.

A descendant or caused by another resource.

A transformed or altered version of a resource instance.

Detected or originating from another resource.

Not classified with more specific terms. The context of its usage may be described in related text.

A portion of a larger resource.

A modified version of a resource instance.

Not directly accessible electronically. This includes resources which may to be moved to an on-line status in response to a given request.

Directly accessible electronically.

Access is granted to everyone.

Some portions of the resource have restricted access, the rest is open access. Typically this is for accumulating data collections where some data is under review before being publicly released.

Access to the product is regulated and requires some form of identification.

Europlanet (EPN) Table Access Protocol (TAP) is a framework, which is using TAP with the EPNcore metadata dictionary. The EPNcore metadata dictionary defines the core components that are necessary to perform data discovery in the Solar System related science fields. https://github.com/ivoa-std/EPNTAP

Access to a file containing the data.

Git is a version control system for tracking changes in any set of files. It is known for its speed, data integrity, and support for distributed, non-linear workflows.

A Heliophysics Application Programmer Interface (HAPI) specification compliant access point.

A listing of files - either through FTP or HTTP.

A web search interface that requires additional input.

The table access protocol (TAP) defines a service protocol for accessing general table data, including astronomical catalogs as well as general database tables. Access is provided for both database and table metadata as well as for actual table data. https://wiki.ivoa.net/twiki/bin/view/IVOA/TableAccess

A URI template that contains special fields as defined in URI Template specification <http://tsds.org/uri_templates>.

A web page that provides and overview of available data and links.

A Web-based service that uses SOAP, WSDL or UDDI open standards.

Audio Video Interleave (AVI) a digital format for movies that conforms to the Microsoft Windows Resource Interchange File Format (RIFF).

A direct representation of the bits which may be stored in memory on a computer.

Common Data Format (CDF). A binary storage format developed at Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC).

Cluster Exchange Format (CEF) is a self-documenting ASCII format designed for the exchange of data. There are two versions of CEF which are not totally compatible.

Cluster Exchange Format (CEF), version 1, is a self-documenting ASCII format designed for the exchange of data. The metadata contains information compatible with the ISTP recommendations for CDF.

Cluster Exchange Format (CEF), version 2, is a self-documenting ASCII format designed for the exchange of data and introduced for Cluster Active Archive. Compared to version 1, the metadata description of vectors and tensors is different.

Comma Separated Value - A data exchange format defined by RFC 4180.

A Microsoft spreadsheet format used to hold a variety of data in tables which can include calculations.

Flexible Image Transport System (FITS) is a digital format primarily designed to store scientific data sets consisting of multi-dimensional arrays (1-D spectra, 2-D images or 3-D data cubes) and 2-dimensional tables containing rows and columns of data.

Graphic Interchange Format (GIF) first introduced in 1987 by CompuServe. GIF uses LZW compression and images are limited to 256 colours.

A permanent reproduction, or copy in the form of a physical object, of any media suitable for direct use by a person.

An image recording medium on which usually a "negative" analog image is registered. A "positive" image can be recovered or reproduced from film, which is usually made of flexible materials for ease of storage and transportation.

A sheet of microfilm on which many pages of material have been photographed; a magnification system is used to read the material.

Film rolls on which materials are photographed at greatly reduced size; a magnification system is used to read the material.

An image (positive or negative) registered on a piece of photo-sensitive paper

A rigid (typically glass) medium that functions like film. Its rigidity is for guarding against image distortion due to medium deformation (caused by heat and humidity). Photographic plates are often used for astronomical photography.

A sheet of any written or printed material which may include notes or graphics. Multiple printed pages may be bound into a manuscript or book.

Hierarchical Data Format

Hierarchical Data Format, Version 4

Hierarchical Data Format, Version 5

A text file containing structured information represented in the HyperText Mark-up Language (HTML). See <http://www.w3.org/MarkUp/>

Instrument Data File Set (IDFS) is a set of files written in a prescribed format which contain data, timing data, and meta-data. IDFS was developed at Southwest Research Institute (SwRI).

Interactive Data Language (IDL) save set. IDL is a proprietary format.

A binary format for still images defined by the Joint Photographic Experts Group

Javascript Object Notation - A lightweight data-interchange format.

MATLAB Workspace save set, version 4. MAT-files are double-precision, binary, MATLAB format files. MATLAB is a proprietary product of The MathWorks.

MATLAB Workspace save set, version 6. MAT-files are double-precision, binary, MATLAB format files. MATLAB is a proprietary product of The MathWorks.

MATLAB Workspace save set, version 7. MAT-files are double-precision, binary, MATLAB format files. Version 7 includes data compression and Unicode encoding. MATLAB is a proprietary product of The MathWorks.

A digital format for movies defined by the Motion Picture Experts Group

The National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) format. A complete description of that standard is given in appendix C of the "Report on Establishment & Operation of the Incoherent- Scatter Data Base", dated August 23, 1984, obtainable from NCAR, P.O. Box 3000 Boulder, Colorado 80307-3000.

Unidata Program Centers Network Common Data Form (NetCDF). A self-describing portable data format for array-oriented data access. See <http://my.unidata.ucar.edu/content/software/netcdf>

A document expressed in the Portable Document Format (PDF) as defined by Adobe.

The Planetary Data System, version 4 (PDS4) standard provides guidelines on how a data producer should construct a data set suitable for long-term archiving. The standard contains a number of requirements in terms of dataset structure and documentation that should allow for any PDS compliant data set to be used and understood in the long term. Each PDS4 bundle consists of two files, one containing the data and the other an eXtensible Markup Language (XML) file containing the label. PDS4 recognises four base data structures, array, table, parsable byte stream and encoded byte stream with arrays and tables most commonly in use. The PDS4 standard is described at: https://pds.jpl.nasa.gov/datastandards/documents/current-version.shtml. The PDS4 archiving standard has been required for data archives from NASA-funded planetary missions and for small data archives since 2011.

The. Planetary Data System, version 3 (PDS3) standard provides guidelines on how a data producer should construct a data set suitable for long-term archiving. The standard contains a number of requirements in terms of dataset structure and documentation that should allow for any PDS compliant data set to be used and understood in the long term. Each PDS3 data product must be labelled in ASCII with full details on the structure and content of the product. The label can be attached to the data file itself or detached in a separatelabelfile with the suffix LBL. The PDS3 standard is described at: https://pds.jpl.nasa.gov/datastandards/pds3/standards/ Since 2011, PDS3 has superseded by the PDS4 archiving standard. However, many data files still exist that are stored by using the PDS3 standard.

A digital format for still images. Portable Network Graphics (PNG)

A page description programming language created by Adobe Systems Inc. that is a device-independent industry standard for representing text and graphics.

A format for digital movies, as defined by Apple Computer. See <http://developer.apple.com/quicktime/>

Receiver Independent Exchange Format (RINEX) - version 2.*, is a data interchange format for raw satellite navigation system data. https://files.igs.org/pub/data/format/rinex211.txt

Receiver Independent Exchange Format (RINEX) - version 3.*, is a data interchange format for raw satellite navigation system data. https://files.igs.org/pub/data/format/rinex300.pdf

A sequence of characters which may have an imposed structure or organization.

A sequence of characters that adheres to American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII) which is an 7-bit character-coding scheme.

Text in multi-byte Unicode format.

Time-Frequency Catalogue (TFCat) is a catalogue model & transfer format for spectro-temporal features. https://gitlab.obspm.fr/maser/catalogues/catalogue-format

A binary format for still pictures. Tagged Image Format File (TIFF). Originally developed by Aldus and now controlled by Adobe.

Universal Data Format (UDF). The Optical Technology Storage Associations Universal Disk Format, based on ISO 13346. See <http://www.osta.org/specs/index.htm>

A proposed IVOA standard designed as a flexible storage and exchange format for tabular data.

eXtensible Mark-up Language (XML). A structured format for representing information. See <http://www.w3.org/XML/>

A sequence of characters that adheres to American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII) which is an 7-bit character-coding scheme.

A data encoding scheme whereby binary-encoded data is converted to printable ASCII characters. It is defined as a MIME content transfer encoding for use in Internet e-mail. The only characters used are the upper- and lower-case Roman alphabet characters (A-Z, a-z), the numerals (0-9), and the "+" and "/" symbols, with the "=" symbol as a special suffix (padding) code.

An open standard algorithm by Julian Seward using Burrows-Wheeler block sorting and Huffman coding. See <http://www.bzip.org/>

An open standard algorithm distributed by GHU based on LZ77 and Huffman coding. See <http://www.gnu.org/software/gzip/gzip.html> or <http://www.gzip.org/>

A lack or absence of anything.

A container of objects that comply with the Amazon Simple Storage Service (S3) specifications. A bucket has a unique, user-assigned key (name). A bucket can contain any number of objects with an aggregate size of 5 gigabytes. A bucket may be accompanied by up to 2 kilobytes of metadata.

A file format used to collate collections of files into one larger file, for distribution or archiving, while preserving file system information such as user and group permissions, dates, and directory structures. The format was standardized by POSIX.1-1988 and later POSIX.1-2001.

Text in multi-byte Unicode format.

An open standard for compression which is a variation of the LZW method and was originally used in the PKZIP utility.