Space Physics Archive Search and Extract (SPASE). The outermost container or envelope for SPASE metadata. This indicates the start of the SPASE metadata.
A tabular listing of events or observational notes, especially those that have utility in aiding a user in locating data. Catalogues include lists of events, files in a product, and data availability.
Attributes of a resource which pertain to the provider of the resource and descriptive information about the resource.
The person or organization who may be able to provide special assistance or serve as a channel for communication for additional information about a resource.
Attributes of the method of acquiring additional information.
Attributes of the resource which pertain to how to acquire the resource, availability and storage format.
Attributes of the method of acquiring a resource including a URL, name and description.
The area of storage in a file system required to store the contents of a resource. The data extent is expressed in unitized bytes.
The duration of an interval in time.
A graphical representation of data wherein the underlying numeric values are not (readily) accessible for analysis.. Examples are line plots and spectrograms.
A characterization of the time over which the measurement was taken.
Data stored as numerical values in a specified format.
A container of information regarding a parameter whose values are part of the product. Every product contains or can be related to one or more parameters.
Specification of the origin and orientation of axes against which the location of some point is given and the representative form of each point.
The organization and relationship of individual values within a quantity.
A component or indiviual unit of a multiple value quantity such as an array or vector.
Attributes of observations obtained from an instrument or sensor.
The space around a radiating body within which its electromagnetic attributes can exert force on another similar body that is not in direct contact.
A description of the types of particles observed in the measurement. This includes both direct observations and inferred observations.
The minimum and maximum energy values of the particles represented by a given physical parameter description.
A grouping of observations according to a band or window of a common attribute.
The range of possible azimuthal angles for a group of energy observations. Default units are degrees.
The range of possible polar angles for a group of energy observations. Defaults units are degrees.
Photon (radio through gamma-rays): the fundamental particle or quantum of electromagnetic radiation (radiant energy)
The range of possible values for the observed frequency.
An accessible portion of another resource. A Granule may be composed of one or more physical pieces (files) which are considered inseperable. For example, a data storage format that maintains metadata and binary data in seperate, but tightly coupled files. Granules should not be used to group files that have simple relationships or which are associated through a parent resource. For example, each file containing a time interval data for a Numerical Data resource would each be considered a Granule. The ParentID of a Granule resource must be a NumericalData resource. The attributes of a Granule supersede the corresponding attributes in the NumericalData resource.
A computed value that is dependent upon the contents of a digital data object. Primarily used to check whether errors or alterations have occurred during the transmission or storage of a data object.
A device which is used to sense and parameterize a physical phenomenon.
The host (spacecraft, network, facility) for instruments making observations.
A position in space definable by a regional referencing system and geographic coordinates.
An individual human being.
A location or facility where resources are cataloged.
A location or facility where resources are stored.
A location or facility that can perform a well defined task.
A container of other metadata which is not part of the SPASE data model. The contents of this element are defined by individual usage. The organization and content are constrained by the implementation. For example, in an XML representation of the SPASE metadata the content must conform to the XML specications.
The individual, group or organization which should be acknowledged when the data is used in or contributes to a presentation or publication.
Directions for finding some location; written on letters or packages that are to be delivered to that location.
An alternative or shortened name used to refer to a resource. This includes acronyms, expanded names or synonym for a resource.
The resource identifier for a resource with which this resource is closely associated.
The the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom.
The number of bytes expressed as a fractional number in the associated units.
The time interval between the start of successive measurements.
Data wherein sensor outputs have been convolved with instrument response function, often irreversibly, to yield physical parameter values.
Information which may be important in the avoidance of misuse of the resource. This includes things such as instrument maladies, corruption or contamination.
A detailed description of the resource which should include discussions of the main quantities in the resource, possible uses and search terms. A description should also include whether any corrections (i.e, geometry, inertial) have been applied to it.
The time interval between the successive display elements.
The distance in meters above (positive) or below (negative) the zero elevation defined by the World Geodetic System reference frame (WGS84).
The electronic address at which the individual may be contacted expressed in the form local-part@domain.
The specification of a stopping point in time.
The point in time when an item is no longer available.
The time interval over which an individual measurement is taken.
A value that indidicates that a qunatity is undefined.
The value calculated by a hash function, e.g. the message digest of a digital data object.
The largest value within a range of possible values.
The location of an item in an array or vetor. An index can be multivalued to represent the location in a multidimensional object.
The resource identifier for a resource which was used to generate this resource.
The identifier of an Instrument resource.
The name given to the contract or engagement which enabled the data to be produced. Each investigation is associated with a Principal Investigator or Guest Investigator who was responsible for the original proposal. For single PI missions each major subsystem having its own identified Team Leader may also be classed as an Investigation for the purposes of data archiving.
A word or phrase that is relevant to the resource but does not exist in other documentary information.
The location of a place on Earth specified as an angle east (positive) or west (negative) of a north-south line called the Prime Meridian defined by the coordinate system in use.
The location of a place on Earth specified as an angle north (positive) or south (negative) of the equator defined by the coordinate system in use.
The smallest value within a range of possible values.
A measured observation which is derived from a combination of two or more individual measurements.
A language unit by which a person or thing is known.
Information which is useful or important for the understanding of a value or parameter.
A set of programmatically related observatories. The value is taken from an approved list of observatory group names.
The identifier of an Observatory resource.
Not directly accessible electronically. This includes resources which may to be moved to an online status in response to a given request.
A unit within a company or other entity (e.g., Government agency or branch of service) within which many projects are managed as a whole.
The name or identfier which can be used to access the parameter in the resource. The associated value is dependent on the service used to access the resource.
The resource identifier for a resource that a resource is a part of. The resource inherits the attributes of the referenced resource. Attributes defined in the resource override attributes of the parent in the manner perscribed by the containing resource.
The time interval over which a characterization applies. For example, the number of bytes generated each day.
The identifier assigned to a Person description.
The words used to address an individual.
The symbols and numerals required to contact an individual by telephone. The string may contain punctuation marks such as dash (-) or dot (.) to separate fields within the string.
The resource identifier for a resource that is superceeded or replaced by a resource.
The provider specific classification of the processing performed on the product.
The date the product was made available by the provider. The Provider Release Date is relevant only to the product life-cycle of the provider.
A short textual description of a resource used by the provider which may be used to identify a resource.
Describes the release or edition of the product used by the provider. The formation rule may vary between providers. It is intended to aid in queries to the provider regarding the product.
An indication of the nominal end date relative to the present.
The point in time when an item is made available.
The identifier of an Repository resource.
A Resource ID is a URI that has the form scheme://authority/path where scheme is spase for those resources administered through the SPASE framework, authority is the unique identifier for the resource provider registered within the SPASE framework and path is the unique identifier of the resource within the context of the authority. The resource ID must be unique within the SPASE framework.
A short textual description of a resource which may be useful when read by a person.
The physical dimensions, proportions, magnitude, or extent of an object. A size can be multivalued to represent any number of dimensions. When size is used to describe a tensor it is the number of elements in the tensor. As such it has a limited set of values. A tensor of rank 1 has a size of 3, rank 2 a size of 9, rank 3 a size of 27 and rank n a size of 3^n.
The specification of a starting point in time.
The specification of a stopping point in time.
A description of the standardized measurement increments in which a value is specified. The description is represented as a mathematical phrase. Units should be represented by widely accepted representation. For example, units should conform to the International System of Units (SI) which is maintained by BIPM (Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (see <http://www.bipm.fr/> ) when appropriate or use tokens like Re to represent units of the Radius of the Earth. Within a phrase the circumflex (^) is used to indicate a power, a star (*) is used to indicate multiplication and a slash (/) division. When symbols are not separated by a mathematical operator, multiplication is assumed. Symbols for base units can be found at: <http://www.bipm.fr/en/si/si_brochure/chapter2/2-1/#symbols> and those for common derived units can be found at: <http://www.bipm.fr/en/si/derived_units/2-2-2.html>
The multiplicative factor for converting a unit into International System of Units (SI) units. The factor is expressed in the form number > x, where number is a numerical value and x is the appropriate SI units. The basic SI units are Enumerated: m (meter), N (newton), kg (kilogram), Pa (pascal), s (second), Hz (hertz), A (ampere), V (volt), K (kelvin), W (watt), rad (radian), J (joule), sr (steradian), C (coulomb), T (tesla), ohm (ohm), mho (mho or seimens), H (henry), and F (farad). Two useful units which are not SI units are: degree (angle), and unitless (no units). An example is: 1.0E-5>T which converts the units, presumable nT, to tesla. Another example is: 1.0e-1>km/s which converts a velocity expressed in meters per second to kilometers per second.
Uniform Resource Locator (URL) is the global address of documents and other resources on the World Wide Web. The first part of the address indicates what protocol to use, and the second part specifies the IP address or the domain name where the resource is located followed by the pathname of the resource. A URL is specified in the form protocol://server.domain.name:port/pathname. Example protocols are HTTP or FTP, server domain name is the Internet name.
The largest legitmate value.
The smallest legitmate value.
Version number.
Identifiers for permissions granted or denied by the host of a product to allow other users to access and use the resource.
Access is granted to everyone.
Access to the product is regulated and requires some form of identification.
Identifiers for indicating the method or service which may be used to access the resource.
Not directly accessible electronically. This includes resources which may to be moved to an online status in response to a given request.
Directly accessible electronically.
Identifiers for the axis of coordinate systems.
The angle between the meridian of a vector and the zero meridian of the coordinate system in which the vector is expressed. Equivalently, the angle between the projection of a position or measured vector into the X-Y plane and X-axis in the coordinate system in which the vector is expressed. Also referred to as the azimuthal angle or longitude. Mathematically: Phi = arctan(y/x)
The component of a vector in the radial direction from the center of the coordinate system.
For spatial points, the angular distance from a meridian normal to the equator. Also referred to as the zenith angle or latitude. As a latitude angles range from +90 to -90 with zero at the equator and positive angles are in the direction designated as North. An alternate range of values is often called co-latitude where values range from 0 to +180 as measured from the north pole. Mathematically: Theta = arctan(sqrt(x^2 + y^2)/z)
The component of a vector along the X-axis in a cartessian coordinate system.
The component of a vector along the Y-axis in a cartessian coordinate system.
The component of a vector along the Z-axis in a cartessian coordinate system.
A coordinate system in which the position of a point is determined by its distance from two or three mutually perpendicular axes.
A system of curvilinear coordinates in which the position of a point in space is determined by its perpendicular distance from a given line, its distance from a selected reference plane perpendicular to this line, and its angular distance from a selected reference line when projected onto this plane.
A system of curvilinear coordinates characterized by an azimuthal angle (longitude), a polar angle (latitude), and a distance (radius) from a point to the origin.
Identifiers for coordinate systems in which the position, direction or observation has been expressed.
Corrected Geomagnetic - A coordinate system from a spatial point with GEO radial distance and geomagnetic latitude and longitude, follow the epoch-appropriate IGRF/DGRF model field vector through to the point where the field line crosses the geomagnetic dipole equatorial plane. Then trace the dipole magnetic field vector Earthward from that point on the equatorial plane, in the same hemisphere as the original point, until the initial radial distance is reached. Designate the dipole latitude and longitude at that point as the CGM latitude and longitude of the original point. See <http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/space/cgm/cgmm_des.html>
Dipole Meridian - A coordinate system centered at the observation point. Z axis is parallel to the Earth's dipole axis, positive northward. X is in the plane defined by Z and the line linking the observation point with the Earth's center. Y is positive eastward. See <http://cdpp.cnes.fr/00428.pdf>
Geocentric Equatorial Inertial - A coordinate system where the Z axis is along Earth's spin vector, positive northward. X axis points towards the first point of Aries (from the Earth towards the Sun at the vernal equinox). See Russell, 1971
Geographic - geocentric corotating - A coordinate system where the Z axis is along Earth's spin vector, positive northward. X axis lies in Greenwich meridian, positive towards Greenwich. See Russell, 1971.
Geocentric Solar Ecliptic - A coordinate system where the X axis is from Earth to Sun. Z axis is normal to the ecliptic, positive northward. See Russell, 1971.
Geocentric Solar Equatorial - A coordinate system where the X axis is from Earth to Sun. Y axis is parallel to solar equatorial plane. Z axis is positive northward. See Russell, 1971
Geocentric Solar Magnetospheric - A coordinate system where the X axis is from Earth to Sun, Z axis is northward in a plane containing the X axis and the geomagnetic dipole axis. See Russell, 1971
Heliocentric Aries Ecliptic - A coordinate system where the Z axis is normal to the ecliptic plane, positive northward. X axis is positive towards the first point of Aries (from Earth to Sun at vernal equinox). Same as SE below. See Hapgood, 1992.
Heliocentric Earth Ecliptic - A coordinate system where the Z axis is normal to the ecliptic plane, positive northward. X axis points from Sun to Earth. See Hapgood, 1992
Heliocentric Earth Equatorial - A coordinate system where the Z axis is normal to the solar equatorial plane, positive northward. X axis is generally Earthward in the plane defined by the Z axis and the Sun-Earth direction. See Hapgood, 1992.
Heliographic - A heliocentric rotating coordinate system where the Z axis is normal to the solar equatorial plane, positive northward. X, Y axes rotate with a 25.38 day period. The zero longitude (X axis) is defined as the longitude that passed through the ascending node of the solar equator on the ecliptic plane on 1 January, 1854 at 12 UT. See <http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/space/helios/coor_des.html>
Heliographic Inertial - A heliocentric coordinate system where the Z axis is normal to the solar equatorial plane, positive northward. X axis is along the intersection line between solar equatorial and ecliptic planes. The X axis was positive at SE longitude of 74.367 deg on Jan 1, 1900. (See SE below.) See <http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/space/helios/coor_des.html>
An astronomical coordinate system which uses the mean equator and equinox of Julian date 2451545.0 TT (Terrestrial Time), or January 1, 2000, noon TT. (aka J2000) to define a celestial reference frame.
Local Geomagnetic - A coordinate system used mainly for Earth surface or near Earth surface magnetic field data. X axis northward from observation point in a geographic meridian. Z axis downward towards Earth's center. In this system, H (total horizontal component) = SQRT (Bx**2 + By**2) and D (declination angle) = arctan (By/Bx)
Geomagnetic - geocentric. Z axis is parallel to the geomagnetic dipole axis, positive north. X is in the plane defined by the Z axis and the Earth's rotation axis. If N is a unit vector from the Earth's center to the north geographic pole, the signs of the X and Y axes are given by Y = N x Z, X = Y x Z.. See Russell, 1971, and <http://cdpp.cnes.fr/00428.pdf>
Magnetic Field Aligned - A coordinate system spacecraft-centered system with Z in the direction of the ambient magnetic field vector. X is in the plane defined by Z and the spacecraft-Sun line, positive sunward. See <http://cdpp.cnes.fr/00428.pdf>
Radial Tangential Normal. Typically centered at a spacecraft. Used for IMF and plasma V vectors. R (radial) axis is radially away from the Sun, T (tangential) axis is normal to the plane formed by R and the Sun's spin vector, positive in the direction of planetary motion. N (normal) is R x T.
Spacecraft - A coordinate system defined by the spacecraft geometry and/or spin. Often has Z axis parallel to spacecraft spin vector. X and Y axes may or may not corotate with the spacecraft. See SR and SR2 below.
Solar Ecliptic - A heliocentric coordinate system where the Z axis is normal to the ecliptic plane, positive northward. X axis is positive towards the first point of Aries (from Earth to Sun at vernal equinox). Same as HAE above. See <http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/space/helios/coor_des.html>
Solar Magnetic - A geocentric coordinate system where the Z axis is northward along Earth's dipole axis, X axis is in plane of z axis and Earth-Sun line, positive sunward. See Russell, 1971.
Spin Reference - A special case of a Spacecraft (SC) coordinate system for a spinning spacecraft. Z is parallel to the spacecraft spin vector. X and Y rotate with the spacecraft. See <http://cdpp.cnes.fr/00428.pdf>
Spin Reference 2 - A special case of a Spacecraft (SC) coordinate system for a spinning spacecraft. Z is parallel to the spacecraft spin vector. X is in the plane defined by Z and the spacecraft-Sun line, positive sunward. See <http://cdpp.cnes.fr/00428.pdf>
Spacecraft Solar Ecliptic - A coordinate system used for deep space spacecraft, for example Helios. - X axis from spacecraft to Sun. Z axis normal to ecliptic plane, positive northward. Note: Angle between normals to ecliptic and to Helios orbit plane ~ 0.25 deg.
The World Geodetic System (WGS) defines a reference frame for the earth, for use in geodesy and navigation. The WGS84 uses the zero meridian as defined by the Bureau International de l'Heure.
Identifiers for the regions surrounding the Earth.
The region between the bow shock and the magnetopause, characterized by very turbulent plasma.
The region of space above the atmosphere or surface of the planet, and bounded by the magnetopause, that is under the direct influence of the planet's magnetic field.
The region on the night side of the body where the magnetic filed is stretched backwards by the force of the solar wind. For Earth, the magnetotail begins at a night-side radial distance of 10 Re (X > -10Re).
The region of the magnetosphere where the magnetic field lines are closed, but does not include the gaseous region gravitationally bound to the body.
The region near the pole of a body. For a magnetosphere the polar region is the area where magnetic field lines are open and includes the aural zone.
The region within a magnetosphere where high-energy particles could potentially be trapped in a magnetic field.
The gaseous and possibly ionized environment of a body extending from the surface to some specified altitude. For the Earth, this altitude is 2000 km.
The neutral gases surrounding a body that extends from the surface and is bound to the body by virtue of the gravitational attraction.
The region in the atmospheric where electrically-charged particles bombarding the upper atmosphere of a planet in the presence of a magnetic field produce an opitcal phenomenum.
A region centered on the equator and limited in latitude by approximately 23 degrees north and south of the equator.
The charged or ionized gases surrounding a body that are nominally bound to the body by virtue of the gravitational attraction..
The layer of the ionosphere that exists approximately 50 to 95 km above the surface of the Earth. One of several layers in the ionosphere.
A layer of ionised gas occurring at 90-150km above the ground. One of several layers in the ionosphere. Also called the The Kennelly-Heaviside layer.
A layer that contains ionized gases at a height of around 150-800 km above sea level, placing it in the thermosphere. the F region has the highest concentration of free electrons and ions anywhere in the atmosphere. It may be thought of as comprising two layers, the F1-and F2-layers. One of several layers in the ionosphere. Also known as the Appleton layer.
The region at the upper most areas of the ionosphere.
The layer of the atmosphere that extends from the Stratosphere to a range of 80 km to 85 km, temperature decreasing with height.
A region of the magnetosphere consisting of low energy (cool) plasma. It is located above the ionosphere. The outer boundary of the plasmasphere is known as the plasmapause, which is defined by an order of magnitude drop in plasma density.
The areas of the globe surrounding the poles and consisting of the region north of 60 degrees north latitude an the region south of 60 degrees south latitude.
The region where Earth's inner van Allen radiation belt makes its closest approach to the planet's surface. The result is that, for a given altitude, the radiation intensity is higher over this region than elsewhere.
The layer of the atmosphere that extends from the troposphere to about 30 km, temperature increases with height. The stratosphere contains the ozone layer.
The layer of the atmosphere that extends from the Mesosphere to 640+ km, temperature increasing with height.
The lowest layer of the atmosphere which begins at the surface and extends to between 7 km (4.4 mi) at the poles and 17 km (10.6 mi) at the equator, with some variation due to weather factors.
The outermost area of a solid object.
Identifier for unambiguous rules that establishes the representation of information within a file.
A sequence of characters that adheres to American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII) which is an 7-bit character-coding scheme.
An open standard algorithm by Julian Seward using Burrows-Wheeler block sorting and Huffman coding. See <http://www.bzip.org/>
A data encoding scheme whereby binary-encoded data is converted to printable ASCII characters. It is defined as a MIME content transfer encoding for use in internet e-mail. The only characters used are the upper- and lower-case Roman alphabet characters (A-Z, a-z), the numerals (0-9), and the + and / symbols, with the = symbol as a special suffix (padding) code.
An open standard algorithm distributed by GHU based on LZ77 and Huffman coding. See <http://www.gnu.org/software/gzip/gzip.html> or <http://www.gzip.org/>
A lack or absence of anything.
Text in multi-byte Unicode format.
An open standard for compression which is a variation of the LZW method and was originally used in the PKZIP utility.
Identifiers for terms which can be associated with a Field Quantity.
A sequence of values corresponding to the elements in a rectilinear, n-dimension matrix. Each value can be referenced by a unique index.
The statistical mean; the sum of a set of values divided by the number of values in the set.
A part of a multi-part entity, e.g., the components of a vector.
The angle between the meridian of a vector and the zero meridian of the coordinate system in which the vector is expressed. Equivalently, the angle between the projection of a position or measured vector into the X-Y plane and X-axis in the coordinate system in which the vector is expressed. Also referred to as the azimuthal angle or longitude. Mathematically: Phi = arctan(y/x)
The component of a vector in the radial direction from the center of the coordinate system.
For spatial points, the angular distance from a meridian normal to the equator. Also referred to as the zenith angle or latitude. As a latitude angles range from +90 to -90 with zero at the equator and positive angles are in the direction designated as North. An alternate range of values is often called co-latitude where values range from 0 to +180 as measured from the north pole. Mathematically: Theta = arctan(sqrt(x^2 + y^2)/z)
The component of a vector along the X-axis in a cartessian coordinate system.
The component of a vector along the Y-axis in a cartessian coordinate system.
The component of a vector along the Z-axis in a cartessian coordinate system.
The difference between an observed value and the expected value of a quantity.
A measure of the strength or size of a vector quantity.
The maximum value for the quantity in question, over a period of time which is usually equal to the cadence.
At right angles to a given direction.
A quantity that is completely specified by its magnitude and has no direction.
The square root of the average of the squares of deviations about the mean of a set of data. Standard deviation is a statistical measure of spread or variability.
A generalized linear quantity or geometrical entity that can be expressed as a multi-dimensional array relative to a choice of basis of the particular space on which it is defined.
A statistically defined discrepancy between a measured quantity and the true value of that quantity that cannot be corrected by calculation or calibration.
A measure of dispersion of a set of data points around their mean value. The expectation value of the squared deviations from the mean.
A quantity having both magnitude and direction, e.g. displacement, velocity, acceleration and force.
Identifiers for the physical attribute of the field.
The Fourier transform of the cross correlation of two physical or empirical observations.
The physical attribute that exerts an electrical force.
The physical attribute attributed to a magnet or its equivalent.
A field which obeys Laplace's Equation.
The rate of energy transport per unit area per steradian.
Identifiers for data organized according to preset specifications.
Audio Video Interleave (AVI) a digital format for movies that conforms to the Microsoft Windows Resource Interchange File Format (RIFF).
A direct representation of the bits which may be stored in memory on a computer.
Common Data Format (CDF). A binary storage format developed at Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC).
Cluster Exchange Format (CEF) is a self-documenting ASCII format designed for the exchange of data. There are two versions of CEF which are not totally compatible.
Cluster Exchange Format (CEF), version 1, is a self-documenting ASCII format designed for the exchange of data. The metadata contains information compatible with the ISTP recommendations for CDF.
Cluster Exchange Format (CEF), version 2, is a self-documenting ASCII format designed for the exchange of data and introduced for Cluster Active Archive. Compared to version 1, the metadata description of vectors and tensors is different.
Flexible Image Transport System (FITS) is a digital format primarily designed to store scientific data sets consisting of multi-dimensional arrays (1-D spectra, 2-D images or 3-D data cubes) and 2-dimensional tables containing rows and columns of data.
Graphic Interchange Format (GIF) first introduced in 1987 by CompuServe. GIF uses LZW compression and images are limited to 256 colours.
Hierarchical Data Format
Hierarchical Data Format, Version 4
Hierarchical Data Format, Version 5
A text file containing structured information represented in the HyperText Mark-up Language (HTML). See <http://www.w3.org/MarkUp/>
Instrument Data File Set (IDFS) is a set of files written in a prescribed format which contain data, timing data, and meta-data. IDFS was developed at Southwest Research Institute (SwRI).
Interactive Data Language (IDL) save set. IDL is a proprietary format.
A binary format for still images defined by the Joint Photographic Experts Group
MATLAB Workspace save set, version 4. MAT-files are double-precision, binary, MATLAB format files. MATLAB is a proprietary product of The MathWorks.
MATLAB Workspace save set, version 6. MAT-files are double-precision, binary, MATLAB format files. MATLAB is a proprietary product of The MathWorks.
MATLAB Workspace save set, version 7. MAT-files are double-precision, binary, MATLAB format files. Version 7 includes data compression and Unicode encoding. MATLAB is a proprietary product of The MathWorks.
A digital format for movies defined by the Motion Picture Experts Group
The National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) format. A complete description of that standard is given in appendix C of the Report on Establishment & Operation of the Incoherent- Scatter Data Base, dated August 23, 1984, obtainable from NCAR, P.O. Box 3000 Boulder, Colorado 80307-3000.
Unidata Program Center's Network Common Data Form (NetCDF). A self-describing data portable data format for array-oriented data access. See <http://my.unidata.ucar.edu/content/software/netcdf>
A document expressed in the Portable Document Format (PDF) as defined by Adobe.
A digital format for still images. Portable Network Graphics (PNG)
A page description programming language created by Adobe Systems Inc. that is a device-independent industry standard for representing text and graphics.
A format for digital movies, as defined by Apple Computer. See <http://developer.apple.com/quicktime/>
A binary format for still pictures. Tagged Image Format File (TIFF). Originally developed by Aldus and now controlled by Adobe.
ASCII text
Universal Data Format (UDF). The Optical Technology Storage Association's Universal Disk Format, based on ISO 13346. See <http://www.osta.org/specs/index.htm>
A proposed XML standard designed as a flexible storage and exchange format for tabular data.
eXtensible Mark-up Language (XML). A structured format for representing information. See <http://www.w3.org/XML/>
Identifiers for functions or algorithms that convert a digital data object into a hash value.
Message Digest 5 (MD5) is a 128-bit message digest algorithm created in 1991 by Professor Ronald Rivest.
Secure Hash Algorithm (SHA), a 160-bit message digest algorithm developed by the NSA and described in Federal Information Processing Standard (FIPS) publication 180-1.
Secure Hash Algorithm (SHA), a 256-bit message digest algorithm developed by the NSA and described in Federal Information Processing Standard (FIPS) publication 180-1.
Identifiers for regions of the solar atmosphere which extends roughly from the inner corona to the edge of the solar plasma at the heliopause separating primarily solar plasma from interstellar plasma.
The region of the heliosphere extending radially out from the surface of the Sun to 1 AU.
The heliospheric region near the Earth which extends to and includes the area near the L1 and L2 Lagrange point.
The region of the heliosphere from, but not including, 1 AU to the farthest extent of the heliosphere (heliopause).
The heliospheric region near the Earth's orbit, but exclusive of the region near the Earth.
Identifiers for the type of experiment the instrument performs. This is the technique of observation.
A sensor used to measure electric potential.
An instrument that detects electrons, ions, and UV-radiation, according to the principle of a secondary emission multiplier. It is typically used in electron spectroscopy and mass spectrometry.
A dipole antenna of which the active (sensor) elements are small spheres located at the ends of two wires deployed in the equatorial plane, on opposite sides of a spinning spacecraft.
An active experiment to measure the electron drift velocity based on sensing the displacement of a weak beam of electrons after one gyration in the ambient magnetic field.
An instrument which uses charged plates to analyze the mass, charge and kinetic energies of charged particles which enter the instrument.
An instrument that measures fluxes of charged particles as a function of time, direction of motion, mass, charge and/or species
The spatial coordinates of a body as a function of time. When used as an Instrument Type it represents the process or methods used to generate spatial coordinates.
An instrument consisting of an electrode from which electrical current is measured while a charged particle beam (electrons or ions) impinges on it. Used to determine energy spectrum and sometimes ion composition of the impinging particles.
A search coil whose bandwidth and signal/noise ratio are increased by the application of negative feedback at the sensor (flux) level by driving a collocated coil with a signal from the preamplifier.
An instrument that determines the spectra of a radiative source, using time-domain measurements and a Fourier transform.
An instrument which samples the radiation from an area at one or more spectral ranges emitted or reflected by an object.
A monopole antenna associated with an instrument. The instrument applies a potential to the antenna which is swept to determine the voltage/current characteristic. This provides information about the plasma surrounding the probe and spacecraft.
A dipole antenna whose active (sensor) elements are two wires deployed in the equatorial plane on opposite sides of a spinning spacecraft, and whose length is several times greater than the spacecraft diameter.
An instrument which measures the ambient magnetic field.
An instrument which distinguishes chemical species in terms of their different isotopic masses.
An instrument used for the detection of elementary particles, ions, ultraviolet rays and soft X-rays constructed from very thin conductive glass capillaries.
An instrument which correlates particle flux to help identify wave/particle interactions.
An instrument used for the 3-D detection of plasma, energetic electrons and ions, and for positive-ion composition measurements.
An instrument which uses radar to obtain an image of an object.
A combination of a radio receiver and a pulsed transmitter used to study the plasma surrounding a spacecraft by identifying resonances or cut-offs (of the wave dispersion relation), whose frequencies are related to the ambient plasma density and magnetic field. When the transmitter is off it is essentially a high frequency-resolution spectral power receiver.
A loop of wire used to determine the time variation of the magnetic flux threading the loop by measurement of the electric potential difference induced between the ends of the wire.
An instrument to control the electric potential of a spacecraft with respect to the ambient plasma by emitting a variable current of positive ions.
A radio receiver which determines the power spectral density of the electric or magnetic field, or both, at one or more frequencies.
An instrument that measures the component wavelengths of light or other electromagnetic radiation into its component wavelengths.
A radio receiver which outputs the value of one or more components of the electric and/or magnetic field as a function of time.
Identifiers for the region of space above the atmosphere or surface of the planet, and bounded by the magnetopause, that is under the direct influence of planet's magnetic field.
The region on the night side of the body where the magnetic filed is stretched backwards by the force of the solar wind. For Earth, the magnetotail begins at a night-side radial distance of 10 Re (X > -10Re).
The region of the magnetosphere where the magnetic field lines are closed, but does not include the gaseous region gravitationally bound to the body.
The region near the pole of a body. For a magnetosphere the polar region is the area where magnetic field lines are open and includes the aural zone.
The region within a magnetosphere where high-energy particles could potentially be trapped in a magnetic field.
Identifiers for the method of making an estimated value of a quantity that forms the basis of an observaton.
An indication, derived from one or more measurements, of the level of activity of an object or region, such as sunspot number, F10.7 flux, Dst, or the Polar Cap Indices.
Measurements of fluxes of charged or ionized particles at above thermal energies, including relativistic particles of solar and galactic origin. May give simple fluxes, but more complete distributions are sometimes possible. Composition measurements may also be made.
A map or image depicting the spatial distribution of line-of-sight velocities of the observed object.
Measurements of electric field vectors (sometimes not all components) as a time series.
Pieces of matter that are moving very fast. Energetic particles include protons, electrons, neutrons, neutrinos, the nuclei of atoms, and other sub-atomic particles.
The spatial coordinates of a body as a function of time. When used as an Instrument Type it represents the process or methods used to generate spatial coordinates.
Measurements of the two-dimensional distribution of the intensity of photons from some region or object such as the Sun or the polar auroral regions; can be in any wavelength band, and polarized, etc.
A quantity directly related to the operation or function of an instrument.
In situ measurements of the relative flux or density of electrically charged particles in the space environment. May give simple fluxes, but full distribution functions are sometimes measured.
A radiometric term for the power of electromagnetic radiation at a surface, per unit area. Irradiance is used when the electromagnetic radiation is incident on the surface. The SI unit of irradiance is watts per square meter (W7m-2).
Measurements of magnetic field vectors (sometimes not all components) as time series; can be space- or ground-based. Also, [Zeeman splitting, etc. based]: A region of space near a magnetized body where magnetic forces can be detected [as measured by methods such as Zeeman splitting, etc.]
Measurements of the vector or line-of-sight magnetic field determined from remote sensing measurements of the detailed structure of spectral lines, including their splitting and polarization. (Magnetogram.)
Measurements of neutral atom fluxes as a function of look direction; often related to remote energetic charged particles that lose their charge through charge-exchange and then reach the detector on a line.
Measurements of neutral atomic and molecular components of a gas.
Measurements of a quantity as a function of height above an object such as the limb of a body.
A radiometric measurement that describe the amount of electromagnetic radiation that passes through or is emitted from a particular area, and falls within a given solid angle in a specified direction. They are used to characterize both emission from diffuse sources and reflection from diffuse surfaces. The SI unit of radiance is watts per steradian per square meter (W7sr-17m-2).
Measurements of plasma density, magnetic field and possibly other parameters of the space environment by active probing of the plasma by radio waves.
Measurements of electric and/or magnetic fields using electric or magnetic antennas at frequencies anywhere between the spacecraft spin frequency and the characteristic frequencies of the ambient plasma. The output can be waveform, power spectral density, or other statistical parameters.
Measurements of the intensity of radiation as a function of frequency or wavelength.
Measurements of the plasma in the energy regime where the most of the plasma occurs. May be the basic fluxes in the form of distribution functions or the derived bulk parameters (density, flow velocity, etc.).
Identifiers for regions of the gaseous and possibly ionized environment of a body extending from the surface to some specified altitude.
The neutral gases surrounding a body that extends from the surface and is bound to the body by virtue of the gravitational attraction.
The region in the atmospheric where electrically-charged particles bombarding the upper atmosphere of a planet in the presence of a magnetic field produce an opitcal phenomenum.
A region centered on the equator and limited in latitude by approximately 23 degrees north and south of the equator.
The charged or ionized gases surrounding a body that are nominally bound to the body by virtue of the gravitational attraction..
The layer of the ionosphere that exists approximately 50 to 95 km above the surface of the Earth. One of several layers in the ionosphere.
A layer of ionised gas occurring at 90-150km above the ground. One of several layers in the ionosphere. Also called the The Kennelly-Heaviside layer.
A layer that contains ionized gases at a height of around 150-800 km above sea level, placing it in the thermosphere. the F region has the highest concentration of free electrons and ions anywhere in the atmosphere. It may be thought of as comprising two layers, the F1-and F2-layers. One of several layers in the ionosphere. Also known as the Appleton layer.
The region at the upper most areas of the ionosphere.
The layer of the atmosphere that extends from the Stratosphere to a range of 80 km to 85 km, temperature decreasing with height.
A region of the magnetosphere consisting of low energy (cool) plasma. It is located above the ionosphere. The outer boundary of the plasmasphere is known as the plasmapause, which is defined by an order of magnitude drop in plasma density.
The areas of the globe surrounding the poles and consisting of the region north of 60 degrees north latitude an the region south of 60 degrees south latitude.
The region where Earth's inner van Allen radiation belt makes its closest approach to the planet's surface. The result is that, for a given altitude, the radiation intensity is higher over this region than elsewhere.
The layer of the atmosphere that extends from the troposphere to about 30 km, temperature increases with height. The stratosphere contains the ozone layer.
The layer of the atmosphere that extends from the Mesosphere to 640+ km, temperature increasing with height.
The lowest layer of the atmosphere which begins at the surface and extends to between 7 km (4.4 mi) at the poles and 17 km (10.6 mi) at the equator, with some variation due to weather factors.
Identifiers for terms which can be associated with a Particle Quantity.
A sequence of values corresponding to the elements in a rectilinear, n-dimension matrix. Each value can be referenced by a unique index.
The statistical mean; the sum of a set of values divided by the number of values in the set.
A part of a multi-part entity, e.g., the components of a vector.
The angle between the meridian of a vector and the zero meridian of the coordinate system in which the vector is expressed. Equivalently, the angle between the projection of a position or measured vector into the X-Y plane and X-axis in the coordinate system in which the vector is expressed. Also referred to as the azimuthal angle or longitude. Mathematically: Phi = arctan(y/x)
The component of a vector in the radial direction from the center of the coordinate system.
For spatial points, the angular distance from a meridian normal to the equator. Also referred to as the zenith angle or latitude. As a latitude angles range from +90 to -90 with zero at the equator and positive angles are in the direction designated as North. An alternate range of values is often called co-latitude where values range from 0 to +180 as measured from the north pole. Mathematically: Theta = arctan(sqrt(x^2 + y^2)/z)
The component of a vector along the X-axis in a cartessian coordinate system.
The component of a vector along the Y-axis in a cartessian coordinate system.
The component of a vector along the Z-axis in a cartessian coordinate system.
The difference between an observed value and the expected value of a quantity.
A flux measurement within a given energy and solid-angle range.
Values that make an model agree with the data.
The summation of values above a given threshold and over area or solid-angle range.
A measure of the strength or size of a vector quantity.
Parameters determined by integration over a distribution function convolved with a power of velocity.
Having the same direction as a given direction
The maximum value for the quantity in question, over a period of time which is usually equal to the cadence.
At right angles to a given direction.
The relative magnitudes of two quantities.
A quantity that is completely specified by its magnitude and has no direction.
The square root of the average of the squares of deviations about the mean of a set of data. Standard deviation is a statistical measure of spread or variability.
A generalized linear quantity or geometrical entity that can be expressed as a multi-dimensional array relative to a choice of basis of the particular space on which it is defined.
A statistically defined discrepancy between a measured quantity and the true value of that quantity that cannot be corrected by calculation or calibration.
A measure of dispersion of a set of data points around their mean value. The expectation value of the squared deviations from the mean.
A quantity having both magnitude and direction, e.g. displacement, velocity, acceleration and force.
Identifiers for the characterization of the physical properties of the particle.
The ratio of the bulk flow speed to the Alfven speed.
A measure of the composite deficit (positive) or excess (negative) of electrons with respect to protons.
An enumeration of the number of detection events occurring in a particle detector per unit time or over detector accumulation times.
The number of particles or energy passing through a unit area in a unit time.
Flow of thermal energy through a gas or plasma; typically computed as third moment of a distribution function.
The measure of inertia (mass) of individual objects (e.g., aerosols).
The mass of particles per unit volume.
The number of particles per unit volume.
The number of particles per unit volume in the six-dimensional space of position and velocity.
The ratio of the plasma pressure to the magnetic pressure.
The force per unit area exerted by a particle distribution or field.
The ratio of the bulk flow speed to the speed of sound in the medium.
A measure of the kinetic energy of random motion with respect to the average. Temperature is properly defined only for an equilibrium particle distribution (Maxwellian distribution).
For a Maxwellian distribution, the difference between the mean speed and the speed within which ~69% (one sigma) of all the members of the speed distribution occur.
Rate of change of position. Also used for the average velocity of a collection of particles, also referred to as bulk velocity.
Identifiers for the characterization of the kind of particle observed by the measurement.
A suspension of fine solid or liquid particles in gas.
A positively charged nuclear particle that consists of two protons and two neutrons.
Free microscopic particles of solid material.
An elementary particle consisting of a charge of negative electricity equal to about 1.602 x 10**(-19) Coulomb and having a mass when at rest of about 9.109534 x 10**(-28) gram.
An atom that has acquired a net electric charge by gaining or losing one or more electrons.(Note: Z>2)
A group of atoms so united and combined by chemical affinity that they form a complete, integrated whole, being the smallest portion of any particular compound that can exist in a free state
Either a particle, an object, or a system that has a net electric charge of zero
An elementary particle that is a constituent of all atomic nuclei, that carries a positive charge numerically equal to the charge of an electron, and that has a mass of 1.673 x 10**(-24) gram.
Identifiers for the characteristics or categorization of an observation. Note: Joe King to provide.
An atmospheric phenomenon consisting of bands of light caused by charged solar particles following the earth's magnetic lines of force.
A crossing of the boundary between the undisturbed (except for foreshock effects) solar wind and the shocked, decelerated solar wind of the magnetosheath.
A solar event which involves a burst of plasma which is ejected from the Sun into the interplanetary medium.
An enhancement of interplanetary fluxes of energetic ions accelerated by interplanetary shocks and/or solar flares.
A rapid decrease in the observed galactic cosmic ray intensity following the passage of an outwardly convecting interplanetary magnetic field disturbance, such as those associated with large CME's, that sweep some galactic cosmic rays away from Earth.
A magnetospheric disturbance typically defined by variations in the horizontal component of the Earth's surface magnetic field. The variation typically starts with a field enhancement associated with a solar wind pressure pulse and continues with a field depression associated with an enhancement of the diamagnetic magnetospheric ring current.
A shock propagating generally antisunward through the slower solar wind, often seen in front of CME-associated plasma clouds.
A crossing of the interface between the shocked solar wind in the magnetosheath and the magnetic field and plasma in the magnetosphere.
An explosive event in the Sun's atmosphere which produces electromagnetic radiation across the electromagnetic spectrum at multiple wavelengths from long-wave radio to the shortest wavelength gamma rays.
Intervals of unusually large or small values of solar wind attributes such as flow speed and ion density.
A process by which plasma in the magnetotail becomes energized at a fast rate.
Identifiers for terms which can be associated with a Photon Quantity.
A sequence of values corresponding to the elements in a rectilinear, n-dimension matrix. Each value can be referenced by a unique index.
The statistical mean; the sum of a set of values divided by the number of values in the set.
Relative to polarization, right-hand circularly polarized light is defined such that the electric field is rotating clockwise as seen by an observer towards whom the wave is moving. Left-hand circularly polarized light is defined such that the electric field is rotating counterclockwise as seen by an observer towards whom the wave is moving. The polarization of magnetohydrodynamic waves is specified with respect to the ambient mean magnetic field : right-hand polarized waves have a transverse electric field component which turns in a right-handed sense (that of the gyrating electrons) around the magnetic field.
The line of sight is the line that connects the observer with the observed object. This expression is often used with measurements of Doppler velocity and magnetic field in magnetograms, where only the component of the vector field directed along the line of sight is measured.
Relative to polarization, confinement of the E-field vector to a given plane
The maximum value for the quantity in question, over a period of time which is usually equal to the cadence.
A quantity that is completely specified by its magnitude and has no direction.
The square root of the average of the squares of deviations about the mean of a set of data. Standard deviation is a statistical measure of spread or variability.
The four coordinates (usually called I, Q, U, and V) relative to a particular basis for the representation of the polarization state of an electromagnetic wave propagating through space.
A statistically defined discrepancy between a measured quantity and the true value of that quantity that cannot be corrected by calculation or calibration.
A measure of dispersion of a set of data points around their mean value. The expectation value of the squared deviations from the mean.
Identifiers for the characterization of the physical properties of the photon.
The ratio of radiant energy from a material to that from a blackbody at the same kinetic temperature
The area of the spectral line profile divided by the peak height or depth.
The number of particles or energy passing through a unit area in a unit time.
The amount of energy transmitted by electromagnetic radiation, for example, the number of photons arriving in a given time.
In spectra, a measure of the amount of absorption for a particular wavelength or frequency in the spectrum
Measurements of magnetic field vectors (sometimes not all components) as time series; can be space- or ground-based. Also, [Zeeman splitting, etc. based]: A region of space near a magnetized body where magnetic forces can be detected [as measured by methods such as Zeeman splitting, etc.]
In helioseismology the magnitude of oscillation of waves of a particular geometry.
Direction of the electric vector of an electromagnetic wave. The wave can be linearly polarized in any direction perpendicular to the direction of travel, circularly polarized (clockwise or counterclockwise), unpolarized, or mixtures of the above.
The four coordinates (usually called I, Q, U, and V) relative to a particular basis for the representation of the polarization state of an electromagnetic wave propagating through space.
Rate of change of position. Also used for the average velocity of a collection of particles, also referred to as bulk velocity.
Identifiers to characterize the amount and type of manipulation which has been applied to the sampled data.
Data wherein sensor outputs have been convolved with instrument response function, often irreversibly, to yield physical parameter values.
Data in its original state with no processing to account for calibration.
Duplicate data are removed from the data stream and data are time ordered. Values are not adjusted for any potential biases or external factors.
Identifiers for areas of the physical world which may be occupied or observed.
A small extraterrestrial body consisting mostly of rock and metal that is in orbit around the sun.
A relatively small extraterrestrial body consisting of a frozen mass that travels around the sun in a highly elliptical orbit.
The third planet from the sun in our solar system.
The region between the bow shock and the magnetopause, characterized by very turbulent plasma.
The region of space above the atmosphere or surface of the planet, and bounded by the magnetopause, that is under the direct influence of the planet's magnetic field.
The region on the night side of the body where the magnetic filed is stretched backwards by the force of the solar wind. For Earth, the magnetotail begins at a night-side radial distance of 10 Re (X > -10Re).
The region of the magnetosphere where the magnetic field lines are closed, but does not include the gaseous region gravitationally bound to the body.
The region near the pole of a body. For a magnetosphere the polar region is the area where magnetic field lines are open and includes the aural zone.
The region within a magnetosphere where high-energy particles could potentially be trapped in a magnetic field.
The gaseous and possibly ionized environment of a body extending from the surface to some specified altitude. For the Earth, this altitude is 2000 km.
The neutral gases surrounding a body that extends from the surface and is bound to the body by virtue of the gravitational attraction.
The region in the atmospheric where electrically-charged particles bombarding the upper atmosphere of a planet in the presence of a magnetic field produce an opitcal phenomenum.
A region centered on the equator and limited in latitude by approximately 23 degrees north and south of the equator.
The charged or ionized gases surrounding a body that are nominally bound to the body by virtue of the gravitational attraction..
The layer of the ionosphere that exists approximately 50 to 95 km above the surface of the Earth. One of several layers in the ionosphere.
A layer of ionised gas occurring at 90-150km above the ground. One of several layers in the ionosphere. Also called the The Kennelly-Heaviside layer.
A layer that contains ionized gases at a height of around 150-800 km above sea level, placing it in the thermosphere. the F region has the highest concentration of free electrons and ions anywhere in the atmosphere. It may be thought of as comprising two layers, the F1-and F2-layers. One of several layers in the ionosphere. Also known as the Appleton layer.
The region at the upper most areas of the ionosphere.
The layer of the atmosphere that extends from the Stratosphere to a range of 80 km to 85 km, temperature decreasing with height.
A region of the magnetosphere consisting of low energy (cool) plasma. It is located above the ionosphere. The outer boundary of the plasmasphere is known as the plasmapause, which is defined by an order of magnitude drop in plasma density.
The areas of the globe surrounding the poles and consisting of the region north of 60 degrees north latitude an the region south of 60 degrees south latitude.
The region where Earth's inner van Allen radiation belt makes its closest approach to the planet's surface. The result is that, for a given altitude, the radiation intensity is higher over this region than elsewhere.
The layer of the atmosphere that extends from the troposphere to about 30 km, temperature increases with height. The stratosphere contains the ozone layer.
The layer of the atmosphere that extends from the Mesosphere to 640+ km, temperature increasing with height.
The lowest layer of the atmosphere which begins at the surface and extends to between 7 km (4.4 mi) at the poles and 17 km (10.6 mi) at the equator, with some variation due to weather factors.
The outermost area of a solid object.
The solar atmosphere extending roughly from the outer corona to the edge of the solar plasma at the heliopause separating primarily solar plasma from interstellar plasma.
The region of the heliosphere extending radially out from the surface of the Sun to 1 AU.
The heliospheric region near the Earth which extends to and includes the area near the L1 and L2 Lagrange point.
The region of the heliosphere from, but not including, 1 AU to the farthest extent of the heliosphere (heliopause).
The heliospheric region near the Earth's orbit, but exclusive of the region near the Earth.
The fifth planet from the sun in our solar system.
The forth planet from the sun in our solar system.
The first planet from the sun in our solar system.
The seventh planet from the sun in our solar system.
The ninth (sub)planet from the sun in our solar system.
The sixth planet from the sun in our solar system.
The star upon which our solar system is centered.
The region of the Sun's (or a star's) atmosphere above the temperature minimum and below the Transition Region. The solar chromosphere is approximately 400 km to 2100 km above the photosphere, and characterized by temperatures from 4500 - 28000 K.
The outermost atmospheric region of the Sun or a star, characterized by ionization temperatures above 10^5 K. The solar corona starts at about 2100 km above the photosphere; there is no generally defined upper limit.
The region inside the body which is not visible from outside the body.
The atmospheric layer of the Sun or a star from which continuum radiation, especially optical, is emitted to space. For the Sun, the photosphere is about 500 km thick.
A very narrow (<100 km) layer between the chromosphere and the corona where the temperature rises abruptly from about 8000 to about 500,000 K.
The eigth planet from the sun in our solar system.
The second planet from the sun in our solar system.
Identifiers for the assigned or assumed function or position of an individual.
An individual who is a scientific peer and major participant for an investigation.
An individual who generated the resource and is familiar with its provenance.
An individual who is an administrative or scientific leader for an investigation operting under the supervision of a Princial Investigator.
An individual who can provide information on a range of subjects or who can direct you to a domain expert.
An individual who can affect a change in the metadata describing a resource.
An individual who is the administrative and scientific lead for an investigation.
An individual who is an expert in the phenomenon and related physics explored by the project. A project scientist may also have a manageral role within the project.
An individual who is an expert in the phenomenon and related physics represented by the resource.
An individual who is the designated leader of an investigation.
An individual who is a major participant in an investigation.
An individual who can provide specific information with regard to the resource or supporting software
Identifiers for names associated with wavelengths. Based on the ISO 21348 Solar Irradiance Standard. Additions have been made to extend the frequency ranges to include those used in space physics. Those additions are indicated in blue text. The "Total Solar Irradiance" category has not been included since it is a type of measurement and not a specific spectral range. See Appendix A - Comparison of Spectrum Domains for a comparison of the spectral ranges with other systems.
Photons with a wavelength range: 0.00001 to 0.001 nm
Photons with a wavelength range: 0.001 to 0.1 nm
Photons with a wavelength range: 760 to 1.00x10^6 nm
Photons with a wavelength range: 1.00x10^6 to 1.50x10^7 nm
Photons with a wavelength range: 380 to 760 nm
Photons with a wavelength range: 100,000 to 1.00x10^11 nm
Photons with a wavelength range: 10 to 400 nm
Photons with a wavelength range: 0.001 <= x < 10 nm
Identifiers for the classification of the organization of a structure.
A sequence of values corresponding to the elements in a rectilinear, n-dimension matrix. Each value can be referenced by a unique index.
A quantity that is completely specified by its magnitude and has no direction.
A generalized linear quantity or geometrical entity that can be expressed as a multi-dimensional array relative to a choice of basis of the particular space on which it is defined.
A quantity having both magnitude and direction, e.g. displacement, velocity, acceleration and force.
Identifiers for regions of the star upon which our solar system is centered.
The region of the Sun's (or a star's) atmosphere above the temperature minimum and below the Transition Region. The solar chromosphere is approximately 400 km to 2100 km above the photosphere, and characterized by temperatures from 4500 - 28000 K.
The outermost atmospheric region of the Sun or a star, characterized by ionization temperatures above 10^5 K. The solar corona starts at about 2100 km above the photosphere; there is no generally defined upper limit.
The region inside the body which is not visible from outside the body.
The atmospheric layer of the Sun or a star from which continuum radiation, especially optical, is emitted to space. For the Sun, the photosphere is about 500 km thick.
A very narrow (<100 km) layer between the chromosphere and the corona where the temperature rises abruptly from about 8000 to about 500,000 K.
Identifiers for the information useful in understanding the context of an observation, typically observed or measured coincedently with a physical observation.
Values, such as flags, that are not time tags, location data or measured or derived parameters.
The specification of the location of an object or measurement within a reference coordinate system. The position is usually expressed as a set of values corresponding to the location along a set of orthogonal axes together with the date/time of the observation.
Pertaining to time.
A list of whole number values where the order of the values is fixed. A space separates each value. For example, "1 2 3".